Showing 8 results for Research Article: Systematic Review
M Dastmardi, A Ebrahimi, Az Mirdamadi, A Ebrahimi, H Ebrahimi, Sh Ebrahimzadeh Rajaee,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (1-2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Proficiency testing schemes as a part of quality system in clinical and research laboratory centers provides the opportunity to evaluate the quality of test results. In this paper, we try to introduce the proficiency testing schemes as a useful method for achieving standardization and homogenization of test results in clinical and research laboratory centers.
Keywords: Proficiency Testing Schemes, Quality Improvement, Laboratory Centers
E Rahimi, A Shakerian,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (7-2014)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objective: Listeria bacteria with worldwide widespread are commonly found in soil, sewage, dust and water. Among which,Listeria monocytogenes can cause a serious food-borne disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Listeria species in ready-to-eat foods. Material and Methods: The samples (n=235) including oloveyh salad (n = 64), Yogurt stew (n= 35), vegetable salad (n=52), macaroni salad (n= 48) and meat salad (n =36) were collected from the restaurants in Shahrekord, Iran. Enrichment and selective media were used to determine the prevalence of Listeria species. . Results: The results showed that 8.5 % of the samples were infected by Listeria spp. The highest were isolated from vegetable salad (17.3%) and the lowest from macaroni salad (4.2%). Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 7 samples (3.0%). Other isolated species were L.innocua (4.7%) and L.seeligeri (0.9%). Conclusion: It seems that eating ready-to- eat food or raw and undercooked foods has the potential risk of contamination to the Listeria species. Keywords: Listeria, Ready- to- Eat Food, Shahrekord
Maryam Moradi Binabaj, Hamidreza Joshaghani, Mojgan Nejabat,
Volume 10, Issue 5 (9-2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. Several risk factors have been proposed to be associated with CVD. The main risk factors include family history, smoking, hypertension, history of diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity. However, new factors have been recently proposed to be associated with CVD. These include blood homocysteine, fibrinogen, plasma factor VII activity, lipoprotein (a) and several other factors. Nowadays, the role of homocysteine in the development and exacerbation of several diseases has been demonstrated. Extensive studies have been performed on the role of homocysteine in diabetes, preeclampsia, depression, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. Homocysteine level increases with age. Moreover, absorption of micronutrients, especially vitamin B12, decreases in old age that could cause a further increase in homocysteine level. On the other hand, elasticity of blood vessels decline with aging, and increased levels of homocysteine accelerate atherosclerosis. The sum of these processes highlights the role of homocysteine in the development and exacerbation of several diseases.
Keywords: Homocysteine, Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, Preeclampsia, Depression, Alzheimer's Disease.
Mr Sharafudeen Dahiru Abubakar,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (11-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Spectral karyotyping is a novel method for the simultaneous visualization of the entire chromosomes of an organism by painting the chromosomes using a combination of fluorochromes. This allows improved identification of chromosomal aberrations that cannot be identified by conventional banding methods. Since introduction of cancer as a disease of the genome, researchers have employed various molecular techniques for a better understanding of malignancies. This review discusses the role and contributions of spectral karyotyping in the study and characterization of both solid and hematological malignancies.
Keywords: Spectral karyotyping; Neoplasms; Chromosomes.
Farnaz Zahedi Avval, Malihe Moammeri Salahshooh, Fatemeh Sadabadi,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (3-2020)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Reports have shown that lipoprotein (Lp)(a) can serve as an indicator of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Several cardiovascular disease risk factors including age, ethnicity and type 2 diabetes mellitus have been linked to Lp(a) metabolism. Given the structural similarity between Lp(a) and plasminogen, there may be a relationship between Lp(a) level and thrombosis and atherogenesis.
In this review, we summarize the latest data about Lp(a) and related conditions on the PubMed database using the following keywords: “Lp(a) and diseases” and “Lp(a) and racial groups”. All available information was extracted and categorized according to the purpose of this study. In conclusion, evidence suggest that increased level of Lp(a) results in coronary artery disease and increases the risk of ischemic stroke. Lack of Lp(a) has no adverse effect on human health. Moreover, Lp(a) can be effective in wound healing as it degrades apolipoprotein(a) products which might have anti-tumor and anti-angiogenetic effects.
Keywords: Lipoprotein(a), Atherosclerosis, Apo(a).
Mahdi Ghafari, Ebrahim Banitalebi, Ali Nabipur,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Considering racial/ethnic differences is necessary when recommending lifestyle modifications for patients with diabetes. Racial/ethnic diversity may affect hypoadiponectinemia responses to exercise training among individuals with type 2 diabetes. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to investigate effects of exercise training on circulating adiponectin concentrations in Iranians with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Literature searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were carried out using the following search strategy: [exercise OR training OR physical activity OR Training] AND diabetes AND adiponectin. Next, RCTs were included and compared with each type of supervised exercise (aerobic training, resistance training, or combined training). Pooled intervention effects were evaluated and reported as standardized mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals using a random effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis was performed for study heterogeneity and following primary screening full text of the articles was evaluated.
Results: Fourteen studies with 444 individuals (236 men and 128 women) were included in the analysis. The age of the participants ranged between 18 and 60 years. The number of exercise sessions per week ranged between 3 and 5. The duration of interventions ranged between 6 and 12 weeks. The meta-analysis showed that adiponectin levels increased significantly in diabetic subjects after physical activity (MD: 0.72 ng/dl, p<0.001,), but the heterogeneity of the study remained significant (I2= 89%).
Conclusion: Overall, physical exercise, particularly aerobic exercise, increases adiponectin levels in Iranians with diabetes. However, this effect of exercise may be influenced by race/ethnic differences, type of training, frequency, type of adiponectin measurement, and complex and heterogeneous exercise responses of individual with diabetes.
Fahimeh Firoozeh, Arezoo Firoozeh, Abbas Salmani,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are isolated from domestic and animal products as well as man-made systems such as medical devices, drinking water systems, water tanks, and shower streams. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of NTM in clinical samples in Iran during 2000-2022.
Methods: Published studies addressing the prevalence of NTM in clinical samples in Iran were reviewed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews protocol. Original articles in Persian and English published between January 2000 and 2022 in databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Iranian databases were included. The prevalence of NTM at 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by comprehensive meta-analysis.
Results: Overall, 26 studies were included in the review. The combined prevalence of NTM in positive mycobacterial cultures was 4.5% (95% Cl: 3.1-6.5). Mycobacterium simiae [35.8% (95% CI 16.4-44.4)], Mycobacterium intracellulare [19% (95% CI 8.7-28.3)], and Mycobacterium kansasii [13.4% (95% CI 7.3-24.3)] were the most common slowly growing species, while Mycobacterium fortuitum [24.6% (95% CI 12.9-46.7)], Mycobacterium terrae [18.5 % (95% CI 11.5-29.2)], and Mycobacterium gastri [15.9% (95% CI6.0-41.2)] were the most prevalent rapidly growing mycobacteria.
Conclusion: In summary, our findings indicate a relatively high combined prevalence of NTM in clinical samples in Iran. Some of these species such as M. simiae can have clinical and radiologic manifestations similar to those of TB and are resistant to anti-TB drugs. Therefore, standardizing the use of molecular methods for the detection of NTM seems necessary.
Faramarz Koohsar, Hamed Kalani, Fatemeh Livani, Oghol Niaz Jorjani, Ganesh Yadagiri, Alireza Ahmadi, Roghiyeh Faridnia,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan. Despite the significant frequency of cutaneous leishmaniasis, there is still no appropriate prevention, control and treatment. In recent years, a few studies have been performed on the effects of garlic extract for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Current drugs, such as glucantime, have several side effects and lead to direct cellular damage. If an herbal-based drug reduces Leishmania by augmenting the immune system, it has the potential to possess a wider margin of safety. This study aimed to investigate the effects of in vitro systematic review of the effects of garlic (Allium sativum) and its compounds on Leishmania major.
Methods: Five English databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched until the end of December 2022. The syntax and specific tags have been used for each database. The studies with poor methodology, inadequate information, inappropriate analysis, and confusing presentation were excluded from the current study. The quality of articles was assessed by eleven questions developed by the authors and the data were extracted from the selected articles and discussed.
Results: In this study, 198 articles were selected in the search step, of which five eligible articles were included for examination. The most commonly used solvent for the preparation of garlic extract was distilled water (60%), followed by methanol (40%). In these studies, the bulb of garlic is mostly used (80%). Cell type of J774 was used in only one study (20%), and murine peritoneal macrophages were used in the other studies (80%). The effect of garlic on Leishmania major was strong (80%). Studies have shown that garlic extract or its active compounds can increase cellular immune responses, which play an important role in inhibiting the Leishmania parasite. This is associated with the activation of macrophages and increased IFN-γ levels and NO production.
Conclusion: According to the studies, the effect of different combinations of garlic on the Leishmania parasite has been shown. However, the exact mechanism of the anti-Leishmanial effect of garlic has not been determined. Thus, this issue needs further investigation.
