Mahsa Yazdi, Ali Nazemi, Mir Saed Mir Nargasi, Mr Khataminejad, Sh Sharifi, M Babai Kochkaksaraei,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Spring - Summer 2010[PERSIAN] 2010)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Beta-lactamase enzymes are the most causes of resistance to antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria. Nowadays, Infections due to ESBLs are being increased throughout the world and is considered as a new burden to the health systems. This study aimed at determining the sensitivity pattern of E.coli isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics, and investigating the presence of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes in the urine samples. . Material and Methods: In this study, 244 E.coli isolates were screened in 2009-2010. The antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli isolates were determined by disc-diffusion method. Antimicrobial agents tested were cefoxatime, ceftazidime, imipenem, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin. The combined disc test was used to confirm the results. The results were compared to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and ESBL positive isolates were further investigated for the presence of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes by PCR. Results: Of 244 E. coli isolates, 116 (47.1%) are resistant to Ceftazidime, and 96 (39.2%) to cefoxatime. Also, 109 (44.3%) isolates are ESBL positive. blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes are found among 95 (87.1%), 75 (68.8%), and 77 (70.6%) ESBL positive isolates, respectively. Forty (36.6%) isolates have all three genes, while 68 (62.3%) include blaTEM and blaSHV genes. Moreover, 61 (55.9%) isolates carry blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes, and 54(49.5%) have blactx-M and blashv. Conclusion: Regarding the high frequency of resistance to the third generation cephalosporin antibiotics, precise antibiogram testing is highly recommended before any antibiotic prescription in cases of infections with ESBL producing microorganisms. Key words: ESBL Escherichia coli blaCTX-M blaTEM blaSHV.
A Nazemi, N Vaseghi, M Khatamineja, A Nasrollahi Omran, M Eskandari,
Volume 7, Issue 5 (supplement Issue( Bacteriology)[PERSIAN] 2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Recognizing and using of isolated phytase in the soil microorganisms are paramount importance to produce the Phytase enzyme utilized commercially in different industries. This study was conducted to recognize different bacillus species which are Phytase producers and detection of the gene that can produce this enzyme.
Material and Methods: Soil samples were gathered through different parts of mountainous areas. The early isolation of bacillus was carried out in Bacillus Medium Agar. After isolating the bacteria and genome extraction, the responsible gene of enzyme producer recognized and amplified by PCR method. The size of this protein and the optimal production situation in supplemental exploitation such as SDS-PAGE and the enzymatic activity of its size were evaluated.
Results: Of 40 samples, one bacterium secreting Phytase enzyme was isolated. This bacterium was sequenced and recognized Bacillus Sobtlis species that is classified in STR Genus. The size of protein phytase produced by this gene was about 45 KD and the enzyme activity at 55 degrees was measured about 5.65 in wavelength of 415 NM. The phytase gene with the size of 1200 bp was propagated.
Conclusion: the microorganisms, in natural conditions, produce Phytase enzyme in limited amount and with the quality appropriate to microorganisms. Thus, isolating the bacilli producing Phytase enzyme and purifying this protein are highly significant.
Key words: Bacillus Subtilis Phytase SDS-PAGE Enzymatic Activity Polymerization Chain Reaction
