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Seyed ahmad Sajjadi¹ , Zahra Moosavi² , Farhad Niknejad³ , Abdollah Jamshidi ⁴
Background: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most important mycotoxins that contaminate food worldwide. Long-term consumption of foods contaminated with AFB1 endangers human health. Detoxification of AFB1 from food improves community health. A Specific approach to aflatoxin reduction is the use of probiotics. Kefir drink is a strong probiotic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of kefir drink on AFB1-induced hepatic injury in adult male rats
Methods: In this experimental study, 24 adult rats weighing between 150 and 200 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1) control, 2) AFB1 (50 μg/kg body weight), 3) kefir drink (10 mL/kg body weight), and 4) AFB1 + kefir drink. Aflatoxin and kefir drink received through oral gavage. At the end of the experiment (8 weeks), blood and liver samples were collected for different assays. Liver function tests and histopathological examinations were performed. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and at a significance level of <0.05.
Results: Aflatoxin B1 significantly increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (T.Bili), as well as decreased total protein (T.P) content, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Aflatoxin B1 induced histological changes in the liver. The results obtained from the groups treated with kefir drink with and without AFB1 were not significantly different from the control group. Histopathological changes were not found in groups treated with kefir drink with and without AFB1.
Conclusion: The consumption of kefir drink reduced AFB1-induced disruptions in rats’ livers.

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Alireza Sobhani¹ , Hakimeh S. Sajjadi ², Touba Abbasi¹
Lymphangioma circumscriptum is a rare congenital proliferation of lymphatic vessels that may occur anywhere on the skin and mucous membranes. Based on the depth and the size of abnormal lymph vessels, these lesions are divided into two groups: the superficial vesicles are called lymphangioma circumscriptum and the more deep-seated group includes cavernous lymphangioma, cystic hygroma, and benign lymphangioendothelioma. The differential diagnosis of lymphangioma includes herpes zoster, herpes simplex, molluscum contagiosum, cutaneous melanoma, dermatitis herpetiformis, and viral warts. Herein, we report a rare case of giant cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum with emphasis on histopathology and differential diagnosis. Our case was a 14-year-old boy with a history of multiple, clear, pink, red, and brown vesicles protruded as a patch of wart-like growths on the flank’s skin since the 6 months of age. Histopathologic examination indicated presence of multiple thin-walled dilated lymphatic spaces in the papillary dermis lined with a single layer of endothelial cells filled with finely granular hyaline material.

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Background and objective: Immunofluorescence and serology analysis are most common laboratory method in diagnosis of antinuclear antibody in autoimmune disease is significant for screening and therapeutic management. This study was designed to estimate sensitivity and specificity of antinuclear antibody which assayed by automated indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immune assay in patient who suspected autoimmune disease for selection a proper diagnostic method. Method: We analyzed serum antinuclear antibody in 3020 patient suspected autoimmune disease in Nobel Medical Laboratory, Esfahan, IRAN, since 2017 until 2020 with both automated indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme linked immune assay method. For each method was calculated sensitivity, specificity, prevalence, positive and negative predictive value and likelihood ratio. In addition Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) is analyzed to provide a statistical method for the assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of these tests. Result: The immunofluorescence method have obtained low sensitivity and high specificity compare with the enzyme-linked immune assay.  For automated indirect immunofluorescence method, sensitivity and specificity was    88% and 62%, whereas the number for ELISA method determined 89.6% and 28.5 % respectively Conclusion: Choosing a suitable method for detection autoantibody based on the needy of diagnosis is essential. ANA analysis by high sensitivity test method like as enzyme linked immune assay should be used to screen population to capture the majority of cases and with high specificity like as indirect immunofluorescence assay should be used for confirmation result and monitoring of dynamic treatment.