Showing 11 results for Klebsiella
H Hoseinzadegan, A Hassani, M Azadpoor, S Soleimannezhad, F Mohamadi,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (10-2007)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives:
(ESBL) strain is one of the emerging health related problems in the world recently.
Some of the species of the gram-negative bacilli including Klebsiella Pneumonia &
Escherichia Coli are well known ESBL producing among bacteria, and they cause
uncontrollable infections. This Cross-sectional study was designed to asses the
ESBL producing gram negative bacilli among inpatients of Shohada-ye- ashayer
hospital (Khorram Abad).
Extended Spectrum Betalactamase producing
Materials and methods:
methods. ESBL producing gram negative bacilli were screened with MacConkey
Agars containing 4 mg/liter Ceftazidime and confirmed with double disk synergy
method as recommended by national standard laboratory institute.
Samples were processed with routine laboratory
Results:
positive for ESBL.The most isolated species of ESBL are 20 Klebsiella
pneumonia(8.88%), 10 Escherchiia coli(4.44%) and 10 pseudomonas
aeruginosa(4.44%). The most ESBL producing gram-negative bacilli were Isolated
from urine samples (21 cases 39.62%).and Ten cases (18.86%) from bronchoscopy
sterile samples.
Fifty- there cases (23.55%) of 225 total isolated gram negative bacilli are
Conclusion:
frequently isolated from Shohada-ye-Ashaier Hospital. Regarding the high
resistance of these strains against many of the antibiotics and even against
Carbapenems, health- care providers need to plan controlling policies for such
strains.
The Results indicate that ESBL producing gram-negative bacilli are
Key words:
Extended Spectrum Betalactamase.
Hospital acquired infection, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae,
H Mahmoudjanlou, K, A Moradi, F Shakeri, M Babaii Koochaksarii, N Mansoor Samae,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (10-2012)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives: the increasing use of antibiotics, especially the third generation cephalosporins, is an important factor in the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The main reason for the development of resistance phenotype such as Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamas (ESBL) is the extensive use of broad-spectrum cephalosporins. In phenotypic survey, the Phenotyping confirmatory test and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) are used. In this study, the prevalence of the isolates resistant to third generation cephalosporin (cefotaxime) was determined based on MIC.
Material and Methods: form September 2010 to September 2011, 75 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected from the infections of inpatients and outpatients, referred to state and private laboratories of Gorgan. For all of the Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, MIC determination using E-test (company Liofilcheme-Italy) was performed.
Results: According to the MIC results, 26 samples (34.6%) are resistant to cefotaxime 22 isolates are completely resistant to concentration of 256μg.
Conclusion: Because of the importance of risk of becoming ESBL, further studies are needed to clarify the ESBL in the region.
Keywords: ESBL, MIC, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Cephalosporin
Derakhshan, S, Najar Peerayeh, Sh, Fallah, F, Bakhshi, B,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2015)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objective: Multiple drug resistance has increased in recent years in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. The Integrons are mobile genetic elements that carry antibiotics resistance genes. The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic susceptibility and the prevalence of class 1, 2, and 3 integrons in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical specimens. Material and Methods: A total of 108 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected between April and December 2011 from different clinical specimens of Loghman hospital in Tehran and identified by biochemical tests. Susceptibility of isolates to 14 antibiotic disks was determined by disk diffusion method. The template DNA was extracted by freeze-thaw method and the presence of class 1, 2, and 3 integrons was investigated by PCR method. Level of resistance to antibiotics in integron-positive and integron-negative isolates was determined. Results: The highest level of resistance was seen for cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (55.5%). In 79 isolates (73.14%) class 1 integron and in 57 of 79 isolates (72.15%) resistance to at least two classes of drugs were seen. The class 2 and 3 integrons were not detected. Among integron-negative isolates, 8 isolates (27.58%) had resistance to at least one antibiotic. Conclusion: The prevalence of class 1 integron in resistant K. pneumoniae is high therefore, the monitoring of drug resistance and limiting the use of antibiotics are necessary. Keywords: Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Integron, Multi-Drug Resistance
Shahraki, Sh, Bokaeian, M, Rigi, Sh,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2015)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objective: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen causing a variety of infections including urinary tract infections, pneumonia, septicemia, wound infections and infections in the intensive care units. Since the ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains are increasingly causing urinary tract infections, we aim to assess antibiotic resistance pattern and evaluate the prevalence of ESBL in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urinary tract infections. Material and Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains collected from Zahedan hospitals. After final identification of isolates, antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out by using disk diffusion in agar method for 16 antibiotics and ESBL production was determined by the combined disk method. Results: The Klebsiella pneumoniae strains showed susceptibility to imipenem and amikacin ( 94.3%) ,chloramphenicol (88.5%) , gentamicin (81.1%) , ciprofloxacin (80.3%) , cefepime (73%) ,streptomycin (72.1%), nalidixic acid (68%) , tetracycline (65.6%), and cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefpodoxime (62.3%) . The resistance of strains was seen to nitrofurantoin (53.3%), cotrimoxazole (39.3%), Cefpodoxime (37.7%), cefotaxime (36.9%), ceftriaxone (36.1%), aztreonam (34.4%), ceftazidime (32.8%). Thirty-eight isolates (31.1%) were shown to produce ESBLs. Conclusion: A high rate of resistance was observed to most of the antibiotics among ESBL producing strains therefore, it is important to be careful about the use of antibiotics and identification of ESBL using phenotypic methods. Keywords: Antibiotic Resistance, Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases,KlebsiellaPneumoniae, Urinary Tract Infection, Isolate
Mahmoudjanlou, H, Ghazisaeedi, K, Shakeri, F, Ghaemi, Ea,
Volume 8, Issue 5 (1-2015)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objective: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the agents causing nosocomial infection therefore, we decided to report the prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae caused infection. Material and methods: The frequency of Klebsiella in culture media samples of Panje Azar hospital was studied in 2011-2012. After determination of the species with biochemical methods and determination of resistance to third generation cephalosporins, the existence of responsible genes for this resistance was investigated using specific primers. The PCR product for CTX-M gene was sequenced. Results: During the study, 70 isolates of Klebsiella were isolated in that 51 (72.8%) related to three months of November, December and January. Except for the one related to November, other ESBL cases belonged to these three months. Based on molecular investigation of ESBL genes, these isolates at least were in 3 types and had a high frequency in Internal, female and Emergency wards. Conclusion: The present report implied a sudden prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae that detected and controlled by a correct monitoring. Keyword: Klebsiella Pneumoniae, ESBL, CTX-M
M Vakili (phd), N Jomeh Pour, E Zarifi , M Baghbanian , A Dehghan , M Sahimi , L Gudarzi ,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Given that microbial contamination is the third largest cause of mortality caused blood transfusion, the examination of contamination in platelet concentrates is essential in blood transfusion centers. The purpose of this study was to achieve a rapid test for bacterial contamination of platelets concentration.
Material and Methods: This laboratory study was conducted on 14 bags of platelet concentrates prepared from Yazd Blood Transfusion Center. Six platelet bags were infected by Staphylococcus epidermidis; six by Klebsiella with a concentration of 150, 15 and 1.5, and two bags were considered as control. In specific intervals, the bags were sampled aseptically and examined by the methods including culture, gram stain, Glucose and PH measurement.
Result: Due to the presence of dextrose, the initial glucose level of platelet bags was above 300 mg/dl. The mean of Glucose in contaminated platelet bags was progressively decreased in 3 days in that it reached 165 mg/dl in the third day ( p = 0.002) . The level of PH had a declining process in that it averagely decreased from PH 7.3 to PH 5.2 (P=0.017(. The results of culturing and smear of the bacteria were different according to the concentrations used in the study.
Conclusion: We can detect the contamination of platelet bags by measuring the level of glucose and PH level in the least amount of time.
Keywords: Blood Platelets; Klebsiella; Staphylococcus Epidermidis.
Rhokhsareh Akbari, Leila Asadpour,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (1-2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most important nosocomial pathogens. Its capsular polysaccharide is considered as the first and most important virulence factor of this bacterium. This study aimed to investigate the presence of capsular serotypes K1 and K2 in K. pneumoniae isolates to examine the virulence potency of the isolates.
Methods: Overall, 65 capsulated K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from patients with urinary tract infections in Rasht, Iran. The isolates were examined using biochemical tests and CPS gene amplification using PCR. Mucoid phenotype of the isolates was determined by the string test. The presence of K1 and K2 genes was evaluated by PCR using specific primers for the genes.
Results: Of 65 K. pneumoniae isolates, seven (10.77%) were positive for the presence of the K1 gene and four (6.15%) were positive for the presence of the K2 gene. In addition, six serotype K1 isolates (27.27%), four serotype K2 isolates (18.18%), and 12 non-K1/K2 serotype isolates (54.54%) had hypermucoviscosity phenotypes.
Conclusion: Our results confirm the presence of the capsular serotypes in K. pneumoniae isolates, with a relatively high prevalence for the capsular serotype K1. This study clarifies the importance of rapid diagnosis and suitable treatment of infections caused by K. pneumoniae in prevention of complicated infections.
Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Virulence factors, Capsular polysaccharide.
Mohammad Ghadami, Leili Shokoohizadeh, Mohsen Mirzaee,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (5-2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common causes of bacterial infections. Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes causes low level of resistance in
K. pneumoniae. This study investigated the prevalence of resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones, and the frequency of
qnrA,
qnrB and
qnrS genes among
K. pneumoniae strains.
Methods: The study was performed on 100
K. pneumoniae strains isolated from hospitals in city of Borujerd (Iran) during April to September 2014. Susceptibility of the isolates to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin was evaluated. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin was determined using ciprofloxacin Etest strips. Polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect
qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes in quinolone-resistant isolates using specific primers.
Results: The results showed that 38% of the isolates were resistance to both nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. The prevalence of ofloxacin- and norfloxacin-resistant isolates was determined to be 18% and 15%, respectively. The MIC values for ciprofloxacin were ranging from 0.064 to ≥256 μg/ml. In addition, four ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates (10%) had MIC of ≥256 μg/ml. The
qnrA gene was not detected in any of the quinolone-resistant isolates. Moreover, 23.6% (n=9) and 5.2% (n=2) of the quinolones-resistant isolates contained the
qnrB and
qnrS genes, respectively.
Conclusion: Although 38 isolates were ciprofloxacin-resistant, the
qnrB, qnrS genes were detected in a small number of isolates. This indicates the involvement of factors other than the
qnr genes in resistance of these isolates to quinolones.
Keywords: Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Qnr protein, Borujerd.
Mohammad Bokaeian, Shahram Shahraki Zahedani , Abbasali Delarampoor, Mohammadreza Atashgah, Bahram Dahmarde ,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (5-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: The resistance of gram-negative bacteria to antibiotics has become a serious problem, which imposes a significant increase in treatment costs. Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important nosocomial pathogen from the Enterobacteriaceae family. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and pattern of antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical samples.
Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed on 150 K. pneumonia strains isolated from different clinical samples such as urine, sputum, blood, ulcers, lung secretions and abdominal abscess. Antibiogram test was performed using the disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). Minimum inhibitory concentration of amikacin, tobramycin and gentamicin was determined via the E-test for 50 strains with high resistance rates.
Results: In this study, the highest rate of resistance was observed against carbenicilin, ceftriaxone, cefepime and streptomycin. K. pneumonia isolates were most frequent in urine and sputum samples. In the E-test, the highest rate of resistance was observed against gentamicin, tobramycin (16µg/ml) and amikacin (64µg/ml).
Conclusion: Based on our results, tigecycline, netilmicin, kanamycin and amikacin are the most effective antibiotics for the treatment of K. pneumoniae infections.
Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, antimicrobial resistance, E-test method
Leila Asadpour, Mohammad Moradi Bazghaleh,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Fluoroquinolones are a class of broad-spectrum antimicrobials typically used for the treatment of lower urinary tract infections. We aimed to determine the frequency of quinolone resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from urinary tract infections in Guilan Province, Iran.
Methods: The resistance of 114 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae to common fluoroquinolones and the minimum inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin were determined by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods, respectively. Frequency of five plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes including qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qepA, and aac (6')-Ib-cr was determined by PCR.
Results. According to phenotypic assays, 60 isolates (52.6%) were resistant to at least one quinolone compound, 42 isolates (36.8%) were resistant to all tested quinolones, and 28 isolates (24.6%) showed a high level of ciprofloxacin resistance. In addition, aac(6')-Ib-cr was the most common PMQR gene (𝑛 = 44), followed by qnrS (𝑛 = 32), and qnrB (𝑛 = 21).
Conclusion: The possible dissemination of PMQR genes poses a serious threat to the management of infections by resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Jithu Jacob, Swapna C Senan, Ramani Bhai,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (7-2024)
Abstract
Aim: The global distribution of Klebsiella pneumoniae that produce carbapenemase has been gradually increasing.This present study aimed to investigate the molecular characterization of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from various clinical samples. Materials and Methods: In this study, 401 bacteria of Klebsiella isolates were isolated from various clinical samples according to standard protocol. The twelve carbapenem-resistant genes of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were detected using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for identifying Class A β-lactamases producers (KPC), Class B β-lactamases producers (NDM), and Class D β-lactamases producers (OXA-48) were done. It was noted that 10 isolates expressed KPC followed by one isolate expressed NDM and one isolate expressed OXA-48. Conclusion: In the present study conclude that CP-CRK is a major health problem in the coming years and hence it is necessary to take all adequate measures to identify the resistant strains. Continuous monitoring of these resistant mechanisms is required to establish the changes in the prevalence and sensitivity pattern of MDR Klebsiella isolates. Urgent infection control measures coupled with antibiotic stewardship and strengthening of the healthcare infrastructure are to be instituted in our setting to prevent the spread of these Carbapenem-resistant genes of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC). Larger multicenter studies are required to thoroughly assess risk variables and historical trends in order to comprehend the dynamics of spread and efficient management strategies.
