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Abstract Background and Objective: Increasing prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA) with their multidrug resistance potential causes difficulties in the treatment of infections due to these bacteria. Hence, the detection and determination of the frequency of MRSA strains via phenotypical and molecular methods is necessary in different parts of the county. Material and Methods: In this cross- sectional study, 150 Staphylococcus aureus strains were collected from different clinical samples in the hospitals located in Shiraz and Jahrom, Iran. To detect methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, we used phenotypical methods such as disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration by E-Test, and PCR molecular method for mass gene. Results: The frequency of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 63 strains (42%) using disc diffusion and E-Test. while in PCR method, in addition to 63 strains, nine other isolates, which were sensitive to oxacillin by disc diffusion and E-Test, possessed also mecA gene. By and large, 72 isolates (48%) had methicillin resistance gene. Conclusion: Given the results of phenotypical and molecular methods, the frequency of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was relatively high in this area. Thus, the MRSA strains can be detectable as soon as possible by accurate and sensitive methods such as PCR to determinate the effective antibiotics. Keywords: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, MRSA, MecA Gene, PCR

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Background: Pyogenic infection is a significant cause of morbidity. Infection with multidrug-resistant strains poses a major difficulty in the treatment. The study was conducted to know the bacteriological profile of pyogenic infections and their antibiotic susceptibility.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from October 2021 to March 2022. Isolates from pus specimens were subjected to an antibiotic sensitivity test using the Kirby-Bauer method as per CLSI 2021.
Results: Out of 752 samples, etiology could be revealed in 510 (68.4%) specimens. Enterobacterales dominated the profile, with K pneumoniae isolated in the maximum number of specimens. Staphylococcus aureus was the culprit in 14% of the cases. Non-fermenters were isolated in 17% of the cases. Methicillin resistance in S aureus was 67%. Gram-positive cocci showed high sensitivity to linezolid. For both Piptaz and carbapenem, Enterobacterales and non-fermenters showed around 50% and 60% susceptibility, respectively.
Conclusion: Continuous surveillance of the aetiologic agents of pyogenic infections and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern needs to be done to design and implement the antibiotic policy for the infection in our set-up.

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Background The purpose of this study was to detect the Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus amongst the Staphylococcus aureus isolates and also to detect the presence of MecAgene amongst some selected MRSA isolates.
Method: A total of 206 Staphylococcus aureus isolates cultured on Mannitol salt agar after standard biochemical tests were carried out to confirm the isolates were tested for methicillin resistant using Cefoxitin disc diffusion method. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates were carried out using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Some of the MRSA were tested for the presence of mecAgene.
Results One hundred and twenty two Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from inanimate surfaces with footwear, 39.34% (n=48) harboring the most while 84 Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from the palm of hands and nostrils of healthcare workers with the nostrils, 83.33% (n=70) harboring the most. The Antibiotic susceptibility test were carried out on the Staphylococcus aureus isolates.  Staphylococcus aureus isolates were more susceptible to Meropenem, Augmentin, Tetracycline, Ceftazidime, Cefuroxime, and Cephalexin. A total of 206 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were tested for MRSA using Cefoxitin disc diffusion, and 43.69% (n=90) were methicillin resistant. A total of 20 Staphylococcus aureus isolates suspected to be MRSA were tested for mecAgene and only 4 isolates (20% of the total isolates tested by Polymerase Chain Reaction) were positive for mecAgene.
Conclusion     The presence of MRSA in the two tertiary hospitals poses a risk to healthcare and community environments by contaminating healthcare workers, patients, and visitors with contaminated surfaces.