en فیزیولوژی ورزشی Sport Physiology مرور سیستمی Systematic Review <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Background and objectives:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> Considering racial/ethnic differences is necessary when recommending lifestyle modifications for patients with diabetes. Racial/ethnic diversity may affect hypoadiponectinemia responses to exercise training among individuals with type 2 diabetes. This<span style="background:white">&nbsp;systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to investigate </span>effects of exercise training on circulating adiponectin concentrations in Iranians <a name="_Hlk29299142">with type 2 diabetes. </a></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> Literature searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were carried out using the following search strategy: [exercise OR training OR physical activity OR Training] AND diabetes AND adiponectin. Next, RCTs were included and compared with each type of supervised exercise (aerobic training, resistance training, or combined training). Pooled intervention effects were evaluated and reported as standardized mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals using a random effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis was performed for study heterogeneity and following primary screening full text of the articles was evaluated.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> Fourteen studies with 444 individuals (236 men and 128 women) were included in the analysis. The age of the participants ranged between 18 and 60 years. The number of exercise sessions per week ranged between 3 and 5. The duration of interventions ranged between 6 and 12 weeks. The meta-analysis showed that adiponectin levels increased significantly in diabetic subjects after physical activity (MD: 0.72 ng/dl,<i> p</i><0.001,), but the heterogeneity of the study remained significant (I²= 89%). </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Conclusion:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> Overall, physical exercise, particularly aerobic exercise, increases adiponectin levels in Iranians with diabetes. However, this effect of exercise may be influenced by race/ethnic differences, type of training, frequency, type of adiponectin measurement, and complex and heterogeneous exercise responses of individual with diabetes. </span></span></span></span></span> Exercise,Diabetes Mellitus,Hypoadiponectinemia, 16 25 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-993-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mahdi Ghafari Ghafari.mehdi@gmail.com 100319475328460023077 100319475328460023077 Yes Department of Sport Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran Ebrahim Banitalebi banitalbi@sku.ac.ir 100319475328460023078 100319475328460023078 No Department of Sport Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran Ali Nabipur alinabipour196@gmail.com 100319475328460023079 100319475328460023079 No Department of Sport Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran